To cure the infection and save the tooth, the dentist drills into the pulp chamber and removes the infected pulp. Usually, some inflammation and/or infection is already present within or below the tooth. In the situation that a tooth is considered so threatened (because of decay, cracking, etc.) that future infection is considered likely or inevitable, a pulpectomy (removal of the pulp tissue) is advisable to prevent such infection. Tooth Slooth (this is where the patient is asked to bite down upon a plastic instrument useful if the patient complains of pain on biting as this can be used to localise the tooth).Transillumination (shining a light through the tooth to see if there are any noticeable fractures).Percussion (TTP, tender to percussion the tooth is tapped to see if there is any tenderness).Mobility (this is assessing if there is more than normal movement of the tooth in the socket).Palpation (this is where the tip of the root is felt from the overlying tissues to see if there is any swelling or tenderness present).There are several diagnostic tests that can aid in the diagnosis of the dental pulp and the surrounding tissues.
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A full history is required (which includes the patient's symptoms and medical history), along with a clinical examination (both inside and outside the mouth), and the use of diagnostic tests. The treatment option chosen involves taking into account the expected prognosis of the tooth, as well as the patient's wishes. Removing the infected/inflamed pulpal tissue enables the endodontist to help preserve the longevity and function of the tooth.
Treatment options for an irreversibly inflamed pulp (irreversible pulpitis) include either extraction of the tooth or removal of the pulp. This allows the endodontist to choose the most appropriate treatment option, allowing preservation and longevity of the tooth and surrounding tissues. īefore endodontic therapy is carried out, a correct diagnosis of the dental pulp and the surrounding periapical tissues is required. Endodontics includes both primary and secondary endodontic treatments as well as periradicular surgery which is generally used for teeth that still have potential for salvage.
Another option is to use an antiseptic filling material containing paraformaldehyde like N2. Epoxy resin is employed to bind gutta-percha in some root canal procedures. Filling of the cleaned and decontaminated canals is done with an inert filling such as gutta-percha and typically a zinc oxide eugenol-based cement. Įndodontic therapy involves the removal of these structures, disinfection and the subsequent shaping, cleaning, and decontamination of the hollows with small files and irrigating solutions, and the obturation (filling) of the decontaminated canals. Together, these items constitute the dental pulp. Root canals, and their associated pulp chamber, are the physical hollows within a tooth that are naturally inhabited by nerve tissue, blood vessels and other cellular entities. Root canal treatment (also known as endodontic therapy, endodontic treatment, or root canal therapy) is a treatment sequence for the infected pulp of a tooth which is intended to result in the elimination of infection and the protection of the decontaminated tooth from future microbial invasion. Removing infected pulp during a root canal procedure
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